How does a centrifugal flow compressor operate?

A centrifugal flow compressor operates primarily by drawing in air at its center and accelerating it outward. This is achieved through the rotational motion of the impeller, which is a key component in this type of compressor. When air enters at the center of the compressor—also known as the eye or inlet—it is pulled in by the action of the impeller blades. As the rotor spins, these blades impart kinetic energy to the air, causing it to move outward radially.

The increase in velocity as the air moves outward translates to an increase in pressure as it exits the compressor. This process is based on the principles of fluid dynamics, particularly Bernoulli's principle, which indicates that an increase in the speed of a fluid results in a decrease in pressure. As such, the design of a centrifugal compressor effectively converts kinetic energy to pressure energy, making it efficient at compressing air for various applications in gas turbine systems.

While other choices mention methods of compression or stages, the fundamental operation of a centrifugal flow compressor revolves around the radial intake and acceleration of air through the impeller, which is why the first choice is the core principle behind its functioning.